Delaware

Find Well Water Testing Near You in Delaware

Select a city below to view local well water testing services in your area. Each city page lists providers offering lab testing, field sampling, or mail-in well water tests.

Well Water Testing in Delaware

Delaware may be small, but private wells serve a significant portion of the state's population, particularly in Kent and Sussex Counties where rural and suburban communities rely on groundwater. The state's coastal plain geology-with its shallow aquifers and sandy soils-creates specific water quality considerations that well owners should understand.

Currently, Delaware does not have a statewide mandate requiring private well water testing for property sales. Proposals for point-of-sale testing requirements have been introduced in the legislature but have not become law. This means testing remains voluntary from a state law perspective, though lenders and buyers may have their own requirements.

What Delaware does emphasize is owner responsibility. The state's public health guidance recommends regular testing and inspection of private wells, treating it as an essential part of home ownership rather than a one-time event. Given the shallow aquifers and agricultural activity in much of the state, following this guidance is particularly important for Delaware well owners.

Delaware Well Water Testing Requirements

Delaware does not currently have a statewide law requiring private well water testing for property transfers. Proposed legislation (such as HB 370) that would have created a pre-closing water test requirement did not pass in the most recent legislative session.

This means that, as of now, testing is not legally mandated when you buy or sell a home with a private well. However, real estate practice often includes testing anyway. Seller disclosure forms typically ask about well testing history, and many buyers request testing as part of their due diligence.

Mortgage lenders-especially for FHA, VA, and USDA loans-frequently require water quality documentation as a condition of financing. So even without a state law, you may find yourself needing a test to complete a real estate transaction.

State health guidance emphasizes that private well owners are responsible for their water quality. The Delaware Division of Public Health recommends annual sampling and inspection, treating testing as a routine part of well ownership rather than something you only do when selling. This voluntary guidance reflects what public health experts consider best practice.

What to Test for in Delaware Well Water

The baseline testing recommended everywhere applies in Delaware: total coliform bacteria and E. coli to check sanitary integrity, plus nitrates which pose health risks to infants and pregnant women. Annual testing for these parameters is standard practice.

Delaware's coastal plain geology and agricultural activity create some specific considerations. Nitrate contamination from fertilizers and poultry operations is a documented concern in parts of the state, particularly in Sussex County. Shallow aquifers in sandy soils can be more vulnerable to surface contamination.

If your property has a history that suggests potential contamination-near agricultural operations, old industrial sites, or areas with known groundwater issues-consider testing for additional parameters. Arsenic can occur naturally in some formations. Near coastal areas, salt water intrusion may be a consideration.

For contaminants like lead, remember that the source is often your plumbing rather than the well itself. If you have older pipes or fixtures, a first-draw lead sample can identify whether your household plumbing is contributing lead to your drinking water.

Annual Basics (Recommended)

Every year

  • Total coliform bacteria
  • E. coli
  • Nitrate/nitrite

Delaware Priority Testing

For new properties and every 3-5 years thereafter

  • Arsenic
  • Lead (first-draw sample)
  • pH and hardness
  • Iron and manganese

Situational Testing

Based on location and property history

  • Pesticides (if near agriculture)
  • VOCs (if near commercial/industrial)
  • Sodium/chloride (coastal areas)
  • PFAS (if near known sources)

Cost and Turnaround Time in Delaware

Well water testing costs in Delaware depend on what you're testing for and which lab you use. Basic bacteria and nitrate tests are generally affordable. Adding metals, expanded panels, or specialty contaminants increases the cost.

Delaware's compact size means most areas have reasonable access to certified labs. Some labs offer walk-in sample drop-off; others accept shipped samples. The Delaware Division of Public Health may be able to provide guidance on testing resources in your area.

Turnaround time follows typical patterns: bacteria results within a few days (samples are time-sensitive and need to reach the lab within 24-30 hours), chemical tests for nitrates and metals within 5-10 business days. If you're testing for a real estate closing, make sure to factor in adequate time for sample collection, analysis, and any needed follow-up.

For time-sensitive real estate transactions, ask labs about their current turnaround before committing. Some offer expedited processing for an additional fee.

How to Choose a Well Water Testing Provider in Delaware

Delaware well owners can choose from certified laboratories, sampling services, and mail-in test kit providers. For accurate, defensible results-especially if you're testing for a real estate transaction-look for labs certified for drinking water analysis.

Certified labs follow standardized testing methods and quality controls. They can provide proper documentation that lenders and buyers will accept. Some labs have walk-in locations where you can drop off samples; others work entirely through mail.

Given Delaware's agricultural landscape, make sure your chosen provider can test for nitrates and other contaminants relevant to your area. If you're near poultry operations, fertilized farmland, or other agricultural activity, nitrate testing is particularly important.

Treatment companies may offer testing, sometimes at reduced cost. While this can be useful for screening, be aware that their primary business is selling treatment equipment. If they recommend expensive systems based on their test, consider getting independent verification from a certified lab.

Questions to Ask Your Provider

  1. 1. Is the lab certified for drinking water analysis?
  2. 2. What panel do you recommend for my part of Delaware?
  3. 3. Do you provide proper sample containers and collection instructions?
  4. 4. What is your typical turnaround time?
  5. 5. Can you test for nitrates and agricultural-related contaminants?
  6. 6. Will my results include reference values and interpretation guidance?
  7. 7. Is there a rush option if I need results quickly for a closing?
  8. 8. Do you offer sample collection services if I'm not comfortable collecting myself?

Frequently Asked Questions About Delaware Well Water Testing

Quick answers to common questions about testing well water in Delaware, from requirements to finding labs.

Delaware does not currently have a statewide law requiring private well water testing for property sales. Proposed legislation has not passed. However, testing is strongly recommended by state health officials, and mortgage lenders often require it. Real estate disclosure forms may ask about testing history. Even without a legal mandate, testing is considered essential practice for well owners.
Options include certified laboratories, sampling services, and mail-in test kit providers. Delaware's small size means most areas have reasonable access to labs. The Delaware Division of Public Health may provide guidance on testing resources. For real estate transactions, use a certified lab that can provide proper documentation.
Delaware state law doesn't require it, but you may need one anyway. Seller disclosure forms typically ask about well testing history. Many buyers request testing during due diligence. Mortgage lenders-especially for government-backed loans-often require water quality documentation. Even without a legal mandate, testing is common practice in Delaware real estate transactions.
Nitrates are a documented concern, particularly in agricultural areas of Kent and Sussex Counties where fertilizers and poultry operations can affect groundwater. Bacteria testing is important given shallow aquifers. Arsenic can occur naturally in some formations. Near coastal areas, salt water intrusion may be a consideration. Your location within the state matters for determining what to test.
State health guidance recommends annual sampling and inspection as a routine part of well ownership. At minimum, test for bacteria and nitrates every year. Test more frequently or for additional parameters after flooding, well repairs, changes in taste or odor, or if you're near agricultural activity. Treat testing as ongoing maintenance, not a one-time event.
Costs depend on what you're testing for. Basic bacteria and nitrate tests are generally affordable. Comprehensive panels with metals, arsenic, or specialty contaminants cost more. Get quotes from several providers based on your specific needs. Some labs offer package pricing for common real estate panels.
Nitrate contamination is a documented concern in parts of Delaware, especially in agricultural areas. Fertilizers and poultry operations can contribute to elevated nitrate levels in groundwater. Nitrates pose particular risks to infants and pregnant women. If you're in an agricultural area, nitrate testing should definitely be part of your annual routine.
Yes, HB 370 proposed creating a required pre-closing water test report for homes served by private wells. However, this bill did not become law in the 2023-2024 legislative session. As a result, testing remains voluntary from a state law perspective, though lenders and buyers may still require it. Legislative proposals may be reintroduced in future sessions.
You can collect samples yourself for most tests, following lab-provided containers and instructions. Bacteria samples need to stay cold and reach the lab within 24-30 hours. For real estate transactions, proper documentation matters-follow collection procedures carefully. If you're not confident in proper technique, consider using a sampling service.
Response depends on what was found. For bacteria, the typical approach is shock chlorination and retesting. For elevated nitrates, you may need treatment or to find an alternative water source-especially if infants or pregnant women are in the household. Stop using contaminated water for drinking until resolved. A water treatment professional or health official can help with next steps.