Missouri

Find Well Water Testing Near You in Missouri

Select a city below to view local well water testing services in your area. Each city page lists providers offering lab testing, field sampling, or mail-in well water tests.

Well Water Testing in Missouri

Missouri's diverse landscape-from the Ozark Plateau with its caves and springs to the agricultural plains of the north-creates varied groundwater conditions for private well owners. The state's extensive karst topography presents unique water quality considerations that well owners should understand.

Missouri does not have a statewide mandate requiring private well water testing at property sale. The state takes a recommendation-based approach, encouraging testing while leaving the decision with individual well owners.

The Missouri Department of Natural Resources and county health departments provide resources for well owners. While testing isn't required by state law, Missouri's karst geology-with limestone bedrock, sinkholes, and underground streams-makes understanding your specific water quality particularly important.

Missouri Well Water Testing Requirements

Missouri does not have a statewide law requiring private well water testing for property sales. There's no state mandate for routine testing during ownership, and no annual testing requirement imposed on private domestic well owners.

State health guidance recommends testing as a matter of good practice, but compliance is voluntary. The Missouri Department of Natural Resources and DHSS encourage regular testing, particularly in karst areas where wells may be more vulnerable to contamination.

County health departments may have local programs that encourage or facilitate testing. Some areas with known contamination issues may have more active testing programs. Check with your local health department for resources in your area.

Real estate transactions often include testing. Mortgage lenders-particularly for FHA, VA, and USDA loans-frequently require water quality documentation. Many buyers request testing during due diligence. In karst areas, testing is particularly prudent.

What to Test for in Missouri Well Water

The baseline testing recommended everywhere applies in Missouri: total coliform bacteria and E. coli for sanitary integrity, plus nitrates which pose health risks to infants and pregnant women. Annual testing for these parameters is standard practice.

Missouri's karst topography creates specific water quality considerations. Karst areas have limestone bedrock with fractures, sinkholes, caves, and underground streams. Surface contamination can travel quickly into groundwater through these pathways. Wells in karst regions may be more vulnerable to bacteria and other surface-derived contaminants.

Agricultural activity across Missouri-cattle, hogs, corn, soybeans-can contribute to nitrate levels in groundwater. If you're in an agricultural area, nitrate testing is particularly important.

Consider testing for: lead (especially with older plumbing), iron and manganese (common aesthetic issues), and any contaminants your county health department identifies as local concerns. After heavy rains in karst areas, additional bacteria testing may be prudent.

Annual Basics (Recommended)

Every year

  • Total coliform bacteria
  • E. coli
  • Nitrate/nitrite

Missouri Priority Testing

For new properties and every 3-5 years thereafter

  • Lead (first-draw sample)
  • pH and hardness
  • Iron and manganese
  • Arsenic

Situational Testing

Based on location and circumstances

  • Post-rain bacteria (karst areas)
  • Pesticides (agricultural areas)
  • VOCs (near industry)
  • Radon (some areas)

Cost and Turnaround Time in Missouri

Well water testing costs in Missouri depend on what you're testing for and which provider you use. Basic bacteria and nitrate tests are generally affordable. Adding metals, expanded panels, or specialty tests increases the cost.

County health departments across Missouri may provide well water testing services or can direct you to certified labs. The Missouri Department of Natural Resources can provide information on testing resources.

Turnaround time follows typical patterns: bacteria results within a few days (samples are time-sensitive and must reach the lab within 24-30 hours), chemical tests for nitrates and metals within 5-10 business days.

For real estate transactions, plan ahead. Allow adequate time for sample collection, analysis, and any follow-up if issues are found.

How to Choose a Well Water Testing Provider in Missouri

Missouri well owners can choose from certified laboratories, county health department programs, sampling services, and mail-in test kit providers. For accurate, defensible results, use labs certified for drinking water analysis in Missouri.

County health departments are often a good starting point. They may offer testing services, provide sample containers and instructions, or direct you to approved labs. They can also explain local concerns-especially important if you're in a karst area.

Given Missouri's karst geology in many areas, bacteria testing is particularly important. Wells in karst can be vulnerable to surface contamination, especially after heavy rains. Make sure your chosen provider can handle bacteria samples with proper timing and cold-chain requirements.

Treatment companies may offer testing, sometimes at reduced cost. While convenient for screening, remember their primary business is selling equipment. Independent verification is wise before investing in expensive treatment systems.

Questions to Ask Your Provider

  1. 1. Is the lab certified for drinking water analysis in Missouri?
  2. 2. What panel do you recommend for my part of Missouri?
  3. 3. Do you provide proper sample containers and collection instructions?
  4. 4. What is your typical turnaround time?
  5. 5. Does my county health department offer testing services?
  6. 6. Can you explain how karst geology might affect my results?
  7. 7. Will my results include reference values and interpretation guidance?
  8. 8. What's the retest process if bacteria is found?

Frequently Asked Questions About Missouri Well Water Testing

Quick answers to common questions about testing well water in Missouri, from requirements to karst geology concerns.

No. Missouri does not have a statewide law requiring private well water testing, including at property sale. Testing is recommended by state agencies but is voluntary. However, mortgage lenders often require testing regardless of state law, and many buyers request it during due diligence.
Karst refers to terrain formed from soluble rocks like limestone, featuring sinkholes, caves, and underground streams. Much of Missouri-especially the Ozarks-has karst topography. Wells in karst areas can be more vulnerable to contamination because surface water can travel quickly into groundwater through fractures and sinkholes. Regular bacteria testing is especially important in karst areas.
Options include certified laboratories, county health department programs, and mail-in test kits. Contact your local county health department for testing options and recommendations. They may offer testing services directly or can refer you to approved labs in your area.
Missouri law doesn't require it. However, your buyer's lender may require testing for mortgage approval-especially for FHA, VA, or USDA loans. Many buyers also request testing during their inspection period. Having recent test results available can smooth the transaction.
In karst areas, testing after heavy rains can be prudent. Surface water can quickly enter groundwater through sinkholes and fractures, potentially introducing bacteria and other contaminants. If you notice changes in water clarity, taste, or odor after storms, bacteria testing is a good idea.
Bacteria is a particular concern in karst areas. Nitrates are relevant in agricultural regions. Iron and manganese cause common aesthetic issues. Lead can be a concern with older plumbing. Contaminants vary by location-your county health department can advise on specific concerns for your area.
Annual testing for bacteria and nitrates is recommended as a baseline. In karst areas, more frequent bacteria testing may be prudent, especially after heavy rains. Test additional parameters after well repairs or changes in water quality. Periodic testing for other parameters every few years is also recommended.
Costs vary based on what you test for. Basic bacteria and nitrate tests are generally affordable. Comprehensive panels cost more. County health department services may offer competitive rates. Get quotes from several providers based on your specific needs and location.
You can collect samples yourself for most tests, following lab-provided containers and instructions. Bacteria samples need to stay cold and reach the lab within 24-30 hours. If you're not confident in proper collection technique, your county health department may offer sampling services.
If bacteria is detected, stop using the water for drinking and cooking until resolved. The typical response is shock chlorination (disinfecting the well) followed by retesting. If bacteria persists, there may be a structural issue with your well allowing contamination entry. In karst areas, persistent bacteria may indicate your well is receiving surface water. Your health department can help diagnose the problem.